However, these terms may not necessarily mean that such growths contain cancer cells. In addition to neoplasia, there are several other terms referring to abnormal cell growth. These include the following:. Hyperplasia refers to an abnormal increase in the number of cells, which are in a normal component of that tissue and are arranged in a normal fashion with subsequent enlargement of the affected part.
One example is thyroid hyperplasia, an enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by an abnormal rapid growth of the epithelial cells lining the follicles. Another example is: Guitar strumming leads to hyperplasia of the cells on the thumb a callus is formed.
Because of the great variety of different tumours, it is impossible to generalise. Nevertheless it is very important for a pathologist to be able to distinguish between a benign tumour and a malignant cancer, since the treatment required will usually be radically different.
Histologists can get some impression of the rate of cell division within a tissue according to the number of mitotic figures - the number of cells with the nucleus showing the characteristic pattern of separating chromosomes, seen as the cell divides Figure 9. Invasion of tumour cells within the tissue can be estimated by observing where the cells are in relation to their normal position and in relation to other cells in that tissue, and this forms an important element in the pathological report on a tumour.
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There is so much we seniors can learn from the young Jose Luis Castaneda said Thank you very good explanation. The chronology of CK7 expression was studied during the experimental gastritis-cancer sequence in Mongolian gerbils. Our results show that metaplastic and neoplastic changes in the gastritis-cancer sequence are related to dedifferentiated epithelial cells which are defined by CK7 expression and can phenotypically be linked to fetal cells at the start of gastric pit development. The dedifferentiated cells exhibit a low proliferation and beta-catenin accumulation, similar to stem cells.
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