Assessment of older people: Self maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. The Gerontologist, 9 3 Pt. Netto Org. The respondent informs if, for each of the actions, the patient is independent, needs help or is totally independent. Studies of illness in the aged. Journal of the American Medical Association, 12 , Evaluates activities: bathing, dressing, using the toilet, transference, continence and feeding. The caregiver indicates whether the patient needs partial or total help or does not need help for each of these activities.
Cognition of the elderly care recipient. Each category is classified according to the degree of impairment no change, questionable, mild, moderate and severe. This evaluation is performed in an interview with a person close to the patient. Data collection. Participants were invited to participate in the research at the health service in which the elderly care recipient is cared for.
After signing the Term of Free and Informed Consent, the research protocol was applied, which lasted approximately one hour. The interviews were carried out at the place of the service The conduction of interviews at the service was authorized by the responsible professionals through a printed document.
After the interview, participants were offered a booklet with instructions that can facilitate communication with older people. Data analysis. Descriptive analysis was performed initially to characterize the sample.
For the comparison of the numerical variables between three groups, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used, due to the absence of normal distribution of the variables. Finally, the multivariate hierarchical logistic regression analysis was used to study the factors associated with quality of life, using a Stepwise criterion for selecting variables.
It can be noted that the dependence of care recipients on activities of daily living is high. The results of this research identified that in relation to the comparison between the terciles of quality of life, there were no statistically significant differences between the terciles of the total quality of life score and the gender and age of the caregiver.
It was observed a higher frequency of greater dependence of the elderly who are cared for in daily life activities in caregivers with worse quality of life. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the cognitive functioning of the elderly who are cared for and the quality of life of the caregiver.
Among the caregivers who reported worse quality of life, it was found a higher frequency of fragile caregivers with three or more chronic diseases and symptoms. There was a statistically higher percentage of caregivers with worse quality of life who reported higher burden and worse health self-assessment. The results of the univariate logistic regression analysis of the relationships between the terciles of Casp are presented in Table 3.
Multivariate hierarchical logistic regression analysis was performed with four blocks. In block 1, the variables number of diseases, number of symptoms and levels of fragility were considered. In block 2, the variables physical functionality and cognitive functionality of the elderly target of care were added.
In block 3, the burden and in block 4, subjective evaluation of current health, compared with past and compared with others. The final model, presented in Table 4 , showed that the number of diseases, total burden and subjective health evaluation compared to the past were significantly associated with poorer quality of life in the total score. Older caregivers with the highest risk of worse quality of life were those with 3 or more diseases 4.
Regarding gender, in this study there was no significant difference between men and women. In the study by Kim et al. Pikhart, H. In contrast, in the study of Tampubolon Tampubolon, G. These divergences in the data suggest that further deepening of gender issues is needed in the studies using the CASP Other variables may have influenced these differences, such as cultural aspects, caregiver and health status, among others.
This relationship was evidenced by the results and some factors were more relevant. Quality of life for dementia caregiving dyads: Effects of incongruent perceptions of everyday care and values.
The Gerontologist, 57 4 , Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 61 3 , In this study, such relationship was observed in the difference between terciles and in the univariate hierarchical logistic regression analysis, however, the variable did not remain in the multivariate model. When the elderly is very dependent on ADLs, the caregiver needs to perform more activities and care, or more intense activities. This greater demand generates greater burden of the caregiver and more time of care, directly impacting the quality of life.
The fact that this variable did not remain in the final model indicates that for the elderly caregivers of this sample, this variable interferes with quality of life, but there are other variables that are more important in this relation. Fragility was also a variable that did not remain in the final model, however, it was found a higher frequency of fragile caregivers among caregivers with worse quality of life. This association has been reported in previous studies. Association between frailty and quality of life among community-dwelling older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 70 7 , The negative association between quality of life and frailty was already expected, since physical health is one of the dimensions of quality of life. This study showed that this association is also true for elderly caregivers, although in this sample, fragility is not the most important variable for the determination of quality of life.
Although the variables described have demonstrated significant associations with the quality of life of the caregiver, the caregivers with worse quality of life were those who had three or more diseases, medium or high burden and perception of worsening in their health.
A new test of the construct validity of the CarerQol instrument: Measuring the impact of informal care giving. Quality of Life Research, 20 6 , Coping as a caregiver: A question of strain and its consequences on life satisfaction and health-related quality of life. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 61 2 , Research in Gerontological Nursing, 8 4 , Dourado, M.
Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 72 12 , The relationship among caregiving characteristics, caregiver strain, and health-related quality of life: Evidence from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin. Quality of Life Research, 24 6 , Factors associated with health-related quality of life among Chinese caregivers of the older adults living in the community: A cross-sectional study.
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 10, In previous studies, the number of chronic diseases was associated with lower scores in the mental domain of quality of life Yang et al. Effects of daily stressors on the psychological and biological well-being of spouses of persons with mild cognitive impairment.
In these studies, the age of the sample varied widely and included both young and old caregivers. Thus, the association between chronic diseases and psychological dimensions of quality of life independent of age seems clear. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for acute and chronic diseases and injuries in countries, A systematic analysis for the Global Burden Disease Study The Lancet, , Regarding health self-assessment, poorer health self-assessment was negatively associated with caregiver happiness Lutomski et al.
Melis, R. Quality of Life Research, 24 5 , However, this relationship refers to the overall health self-assessment. No studies were found that evaluated the health self-assessment related to the past in caregivers. Considering that the sample of the present study contemplates only elderly caregivers, and from the three types of health self-evaluation investigated, only the self-assessment compared to the past remained in the final model, it can be inferred that the very perception of health changes related to ageing can interfere with the assessment of quality of life.
This study aimed to assess whether the double vulnerability of the elderly caregiver is related to the psychological dimensions of the quality of life assessed by CASP The results of the regression analysis seem to confirm this association, since variables of the two types of vulnerability studied remained in the final model. You may opt-out of e-mail communications at any time by clicking on the Unsubscribe link in the e-mail.
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This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. See more conditions. Healthy Lifestyle Caregivers. Products and services. Caring for the elderly: Dealing with resistance Caring for the elderly can be challenging — particularly if a loved one doesn't want help. By Mayo Clinic Staff. Thank you for Subscribing Our Housecall e-newsletter will keep you up-to-date on the latest health information.
Please try again. Something went wrong on our side, please try again. Show references What to consider in the beginning. August 21 is celebrated as Senior Citizens Day the world to highlight the importance of taking care of elderly citizens and helping them live with dignity.
As the body ages, it becomes prone to medical conditions. Ageing cannot be prevented, but we can learn how to deal with arising conditions for great health of our loved ones. Discussed below are tips to make parent care, at home more manageable. If you are unable to spend enough time due to work commitment, scout for a professional elder care service. A lot of home care services that provide basic to essential support such as shopping for daily groceries, cooking, laundry, exercise, visits to the doctors, etc.
Periodic visits to the doctor:. It is crucial to carry details of their medical history, current medication, and dosage. Help your parents to understand their medicines along with recommended changes in their diet. It is a good idea to accompany your parents for morning and evening walks. It will not only make them feel refreshed but would also serve as an opportunity for you to spend some time together. Paying attention to diet is equally important.
Quite often, they are unable to consume much at their age, due to indigestion hence it is important to feed them a nutritious and a healthy meal. In case any health condition gets worse, the professional is able to alert the concerned doctor early. Falls have been associated with most non-fatal and fatal injuries for elders.
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